After Belgium turned the 26-year-old suspect over to French authorities early Wednesday, elite French military police flew him to France.
He was then handed over to authorities and taken to the Palais de Justice in central Paris to appear before the investigating magistrate, CNN's French affiliate BFM-TV reported.
His next hearing has been set for May 20, according to his French attorney, Frank Berton.
"A dedicated surveillance team of skilled agents, trained for detention of dangerous individuals, will be in charge of him," he said, according to BFM.
Marcel Duredon, a union representative at Fleury-Merogis Prison in the southern suburbs of Paris, confirmed to CNN that Abdeslam would be held at that institution.
Abdeslam, the only survivor of the group of men accused of carrying out the November 13 attacks in Paris, was Europe's most wanted man before he was captured last month in Brussels after a shootout with Belgian authorities.
Lawyer: Judge him for what he did
Abdeslam's French attorney, Frank Berton, told BFM that his client "won't stay silent" and said he planned to mount a "defense based on explanation."
"Obviously the line of defense will be to explain things, especially his rather fast radicalization, to explain his acts, what happened moments before the Bataclan attack, what happened at the Stade de France," he said, referring to two targets in the Paris attacks.
"He has to tell us about his journey and his role."
Abdeslam had to be judged "for what he did, not for what he didn't do," Berton said.
"He has to be judged for what he did, and not for what he represents as the last survivor. He shouldn't carry the burden of acts which are not his."
Sven Mary, Salah Abdeslam's Belgian lawyer, downplayed his client's alleged role in the terror attacks, describing Abdeslam as "more of a follower than leader" and as "smart as an empty ashtray," according to Libération newspaper.
Victim's relative: 'Very emotional'
Aline Le Bail-Kremer, a spokeswoman for the French Association of Victims of Terrorism whose cousin was among those killed in Paris, said the extradition was "very important and very emotional."
She said families were desperate for answers, but there was also "a strong risk of disappointment." While Abdeslam has claimed he's prepared to talk, they have doubts about how honest his account will be, she said.
Seeing justice take its course was the most important thing, she said.
"It's a necessary step to continue an essential work of mourning."
Samia Maktouf, a lawyer for the families of 16 of the 130 attack victims, echoed her views.
"It is a first step to knowing the truth. Today, the families are looking to know what happened on November 13, and even though we don't trust Salah Abdeslam to tell the truth, we're still hoping," she said.
"It's a kind of relief for them to know he's here."
Charges in Belgium, too
Last week, Belgian authorities charged Abdeslam with attempted murder over a shootout with police in Brussels days before his capture.
Four police officers were wounded in the March 15 shootout in the Brussels suburb of Forest.
The fugitive was captured three days later in Molenbeek, another district of the Belgian capital, in a gunfight during which he was shot in the leg.
It ended his four months on the run. Four days later, a terror cell struck at the Brussels Airport and a metro station in the city, killing 32 people.
Investigators have said the same ISIS network carried out the Paris and Brussels attacks.
Abdeslam was born in Brussels and lived there before the Paris attacks.
Alleged role in Paris attacks
French investigators believe Abdeslam may have been the driver of a black Renault Clio that dropped off three suicide bombers near the Stade de France, one of the attack sites on November 13.
They also think he wore a suicide belt later found on a Paris street after the attacks. Sweat on the belt matched Abdeslam's DNA, a source close to the investigation told CNN.
Police stopped Abdeslam at checkpoints after the Paris attacks but did not detain him then as he hadn't been identified as a suspect yet.
His brother Ibrahim was one of the suicide bombers who blew himself up at a cafe during the attacks.
Another brother, Mohammed, subsequently told Belgian state broadcaster RTBF that he thought Abdeslam at the "last minute ... decided to reconsider" carrying out a suicide attack in Paris -- possibly accounting for the discarded belt.
ISIS claimed responsibility for both the Paris and Brussels attacks.
Mark Ellis, executive director of the International Bar Association, told CNN that Abdeslam's trial presented "a real challenge for France."
"It will be very important that he's seen as given a fair trial," Ellis said, adding it was crucial the process not be rushed.
"I have no doubt the evidence is there for a prosecutor to make a fairly strong case."
CNN's Sandrine Amiel reported from Paris, Erin McLaughlin reported from Brussels and Tim Hume reported and wrote from London. CNN's Stephanie Halasz, Lindsay Isaac, Ralph Ellis and Saeed Ahmed also contributed to this report.
