Evaluating Gut Microbiota Modification as a Next-Generation Therapy for Obesity and Diabetes
: The human body is a complex ecosystem that thrives on symbiosis. It is estimated that around 10^14 commensal microorganisms inhabit the human body, with the gut microbiota being one of the most diverse and complex populations of bacteria. This community is thought to comprise over a thousand different species that play a crucial role in the development of critical human diseases such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, mental depression, hypertension, and others. The gut microbiota has been identified as one of the most recent contributors to these metabolic disorders. With the emergence of inexpensive and high-performance sequence technology, our understanding of the function of the intestinal microbiome in host metabolism regulation and the development of (cardio) metabolic diseases has increased significantly. The symbiotic relationship between the gut microbiota and the host is essential for properly developing the human metabolic system. However, if this balance is disrupted by various factors such as infection, diet, exercise, sleep patterns, or exposure to antibiotics, it can lead to the development of various diseases in the body, including obesity and diabetes type 1 and 2. While many approaches and medications have been developed globally to treat these diseases, none have proven to be entirely effective, and many show side effects. Therefore, scientists believe that treating the gut microbiota using tried-and-true methods is the best option for comba
Download PDF: https://suryo.eu.org/DX01Dq
Electronic Waste‑Derived Silver Nanoparticles for Drug Interactions and Antioxidant Applications
E-waste printed circuit boards from outdated electronic devices, including old model computers and FM radios, were processed to extract valuable materials. A 1 kg sample of electronic waste printed circuit board was subjected to a leaching process, and the extracted materials were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Powder X-ray analysis revealed a cubic crystal structure with space group Fm-3 m (CCDC 9012961). UV–visible spectroscopy indicated energy absorption in the visible range (400–410 nm), and SEM identified a rod-like surface morphology. Molecular docking studies demonstrated interactions between silver nanoparticles and anticancer/antibiotic molecules via cytochrome P450 (CYP P4 50) enzymes, revealing their potential for drug interactions. Antioxidant activities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power, and anti-lipid peroxidation assays, were performed, indicating strong antioxidant potential. This study introduces a novel, high-temperature route to obtain phase-pure AgNPs from EWPCBs, with promising applications in drug interaction, oxidative stress reduction, and therapeutic development.
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Can Common Institutional Ownership Govern CSR Decoupling? Evidence from China
Although corporate social responsibility (CSR) decoupling has become a widely criticized management practice, research on how to govern this phenomenon from the investor level is still lacking. With the increasing prevalence of common institutional ownership, this paper aims to fill the gap in the existing literature by exploring whether common institutional investor can effectively curb the unethical behavior of CSR decoupling. Using data from listed firms in China from 2009 to 2022, we find that common institutional ownership reduces CSR decoupling and plays a coordinated governance role. Our main conclusion holds after considering a series of robustness checks. Moreover, this role is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, CSR-intensive firms, and regions with a less effici ent legal environment. Channel tests suggest that common owners govern CSR decoupling by delegating executives, threatening to exit, and reducing controlling shareholders’ selfinterest. Further analysis suggests that common owners with greater market power and long-term investment horizons can govern CSR decoupling more effectively. Overall, our research offers new insights into the field of finance and ethics by highlighting the potential impact of common ownership on corporate ethical behavior.
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4D Electroacoustic Tomography (EAT) for Monitoring
Real-time monitoring of deep-tissue electric field distribution during electroporation therapy remains a significant clinical challenge. Electroacoustic Tomography (EAT) addresses this need by detecting ultrasound waves generated during pulsed electric energy induces cell membrane poration. Using a three-dimensional matrix array transducer, we demonstrate EAT's capability to visualize volumetric electric field distributions in real-time. A comprehensive database of EA signals was developed using square pulses ranging from 600-1000V with pulse widths of 60-150ns. To validate the 4D imaging capabilities, discrete pulse trains were delivered from 50 to 1000V at 50V increments, with universal back projection reconstructions effectively visualizing the source pressure distribution. Dynamic reconstructions clearly de monstrate electric field strength growth correlating with voltage increments. Our system's clinical viability has been validated through both in vivo murine studies using stable ablation energy and in vitro vegetable model experiments. Three-dimensional correlation between ablated regions and imaging intensity across multiple depths yielded structural similarity index (SSIM) values greater than 0.85, confirming EAT's ability to provide accurate dose maps. This work represents the first volumetric reconstruction of experimental electroporation using a planar ultrasound transducer system, establishing EAT as a viable deep-tissue monitoring modality for thera
Download PDF: https://soala.eu.org/UNzwqd
Evaluating the impact of ESG performance on firm value: the moderating role of ownership type in Thailand
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to concentrate on the moderating effect that ownership types, such as institutional ownership and minority shareholders, have on the link between environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance and the value of a firm. Design/methodology/approach – This study utilizes a dataset consisting of 422 firm-year observations from publicly traded Thai firms for the period from 2019 to 2023. This study employs pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Additional tests and a robustness check are performed to validate the findings. Findings – The results indicate a strong positive impact of ESG performance on a firm’s value, thus indicating that sustainable practices contribute to long-term economic success. The type of ownership is significant for minority shareholders having a positive moderating impact on the connection between ESG performance and firm value, whereas institutional ownership does not. The findings indicate that minority shareholders might enhance ESG benefits by aligning with their own interests. Practical implications – The findings have practical implications for investors, managers and policymakers. The findings demonstrate that firms with a substantial proportion of minority shareholders have to ensure that ESG activities are transparent, effective and in accordance with shareholder expectations. This alignment can mitigate the adverse impact of minority ownership on firm value. Policymakers in Thailand and comparable emerging countries might utilize this study to promote ESG transparency and standards, therefore mitigating information asymmetry. Regulations facilitating minority shareholders’ access to information may enhance the beneficial moderating impact of their participation on ESG performance. Originality/value – This study first demonstrated the moderating role of minority shareholders on the ESG-firm value relationship. This expands knowledge by focusing on ownership forms and their impact on ESG and firm value in emerging economies.
Download PDF: https://binra.eu.org/e4EuCu
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High-yield, green and scalable methods for producing MOF-303 for water harvesting from desert air
(Abstract not found) Download PDF: https://soald.eu.org/W3bXHV
